1David A, Von der Heyde D,Pommer. Therapeutic possibilities introchanteric fractures. Safe-fast-stable. Orthopade. 2000 , 29 (4): 294 -301.
2Ostermann PA,Haase N,Ekkernkamp N. Techniques of extramedullary osteo-synthesis in proximal femoral fractures[ J]. Chirurg. 2001 ,72( 11 ): 1271 - 1276.
3Wagner R,Weckbach A,Sellmair U,et al. Extra-articular proximal femur fracture in the elderly dynamic hip screw or intramedullary hipscrew for fracture management [ J ]. Langenbecks Arch Chir Suppl Konggressbd. 1996,113:963 - 966.
4Parker MJ,Pryor GA. Gamma versus DHS nailing for extracapsular femoral fractures. Meta-analysis of ten randomised trials [ J ]. Int Orthop. 1996,20(3) :163 - 168.
5Boldin C,seibert FJ,fankhauser F. et al. The proximal femoral nail (PFN)-a minimal invasive treatment of unstable proximal femoral fractures:a prospective study of 55 patients with a follow-up of 15months[J]. Acta Orthop Scand. 2003 ,74( 1 ) :53 -58.
6Hoffmann R Schmidmaier G,Schulz R. et al. Classic nail versus DHS. A prospective randomised study of fixation of trochanteric femur fractures. Unfallchirurg. 1999,102(3) :182 - 190.
7Boldin C,Seibert FJ,Fankhauser F,et al.The proximal femoral nail(PFN)-a minimal invasive treatment of unstable proximal femoral fractures:a prospective study of 55 patients with a follow-up of 15 months[J].Acta Orthop Scand,2003,74(1):53-58.
8Hardy DC,Descamps PY,Krallis P,et al.Use of an intramedullary hip-screw compared with a compression hip-screw with a plate for intertrochanteric femoral fractures:a prospective,randomized study of one hundred patients[J].J Bone Joint Surg(Am),1998,80(5):618-630.
9Krause D,Philip J,Lucke C.Surgical outcome in sub-trochanteric fractures:a study over 15 years[J].Unfallchirurg,1996,99(3):196-201.
10Nuber S,Schonweiss T,RuLer A.Stabilisation of unstable trochanteric femoral fractures,dynamic hip screw (DHS) with trochanteric stabilization plate vs proximal femur nail(PFN)[J].Unfallchirurg,2003,106(1):39-47.