不同栽培模式下小麦灌浆期蛋白质周转研究

Protein Turnover of Wheat in Different Planting Modes at the Kernel-filling Stage

通过田间试验研究5种栽培模式对小麦灌浆期蛋白质周转的影响.5种栽培模式分别为常规栽培、秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖、垄沟种植和补灌栽培,施氮量为120kg/hm2.结果表明:不同栽培模式下小麦灌浆期蛋白质周转变化基本一致,覆膜栽培模式旗叶可溶性蛋白含量和蛋白水解酶活性较高,旗叶蛋白水解酶和籽粒蛋白积累能力大于其它栽培模式;垄沟栽培模式的旗叶各指标含量较高,但其蛋白质周转效率低,导致贪青晚熟不利于蛋白质周转,从而影响产量的形成.

A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of five planting modes on protein turnover of wheat at the kernel-filling stage. The five planting modes were the common planting mode without mulching, the planting mode characterized by straw mulching, the planting mode characterized by furrows and ridges, the planting mode characterized by film mulching and planting mode characterized by supplementary irrigation and the fertilizer rate was 120 kg/hectar in all the planting modes. The results showed that protein turnover varied in same manners in the different planting modes at the kernel-filling stage; the flag leaves in the planting modes characterized by mulching had high soluble protein contents and high protease activities and the protease hydrolyzing capability in the flag leaves and the protein-accumulating capacity in the kernels of the planting modes were higher that those of the4 other planting modes. In the planting mode characterized by furrows and ridges, the various parameters of the flag leaves were high while the efficiency of protein turnover was low, which led to extended growth and delayed maturity, and thus was not conducive to protein turnover and then yield formation.