天山冻土耐冷菌的分离与产低温酶菌株的筛选

Isolation and Screening of Cold-active Enzymes-Producing Psychrotrophic Bacteria from Permafrost in the Tianshan Mountains

在4℃条件下,从天山乌鲁木齐河源区的多年冻土中分离到36株耐冷菌.通过进一步的形态与生理生化特性的研究,发现大多数菌株为革兰氏阴性杆菌,最适生长温度在22℃左右,在37℃下不生长.这些菌株除氨苄青霉素外,对卡那霉素、四环素、和氯霉素都没有抗性.并从中筛选得到11株、3株、11株、8株在4℃下分别具有产低温蛋白酶、低温淀粉酶、低温脂酶、低温纤维素酶特性的耐冷菌.最后,对耐冷菌的环境适应性进行了初步分析.

36 cold-adapted strains were isolated under 4 ℃ from the permafrost at the headwaters of the Urumchi River, Tianshan Mountains. Studies of morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of these strains found that most of them were gram-negative bacillus, psychrotrophs with optimum growth about 22 ℃ and no growth at 37℃. The strains are sensitive to Kanamycin,Tetracycline and Chloromycetin, but have some resistance to Ampicillin. Screening of cold-active enzymes-producing bacteria found that 11 strains, 3 strains, 11 strains, 8 strains, respectively, had the capability of producing cold-active protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase at 4 ℃. The adaptive mechanisms of the psychrotrophic bacteria to low temperature environment were primarily analyzed.