黔中不同耕地类型土壤杂草种子库研究

The research of soil weed seed bank of different farmland types in Qian-zhong area

对黔中地区旱地、玉米地、蔬菜地、苗圃地4种不同耕地类型的土壤杂草种子库的种子组成、数量及种子萌发过程和规律进行研究,结果表明:4种不同耕地类型土壤杂草种子库中种子共有35个种,隶属18科33属,且以草本为主,木本仅1种;旱地共有8科12属13个种,优势种为看麦娘,占该类型种子库种子数量的49.1%;玉米地共有16科23属25种,优势种为辣子草,占该类型种子库种子数量的19.6%;蔬菜地共有12科15属17个种,优势种为金色狗尾草,占该类型种子库种子数量的25.9%;苗圃地共有14科18属20个种,优势种为辣子草,占该类型种子库种子数量的34.0%.4种不同耕地土壤类型的杂草种子库种子萌发规律基本一致,均可分成3个阶段,即3月26日以前为萌发初期、3月底到4月上旬为萌发盛期、4月中旬以后为萌发缓慢增长期.

The soil samples were collected from four different farmland soil types, including dry land site, corn site,vegetable site and nursery site. The component and quantity of soil weed seeds bank, and the process and regulation of seed germination were studied in the experiment. The results showed that there are 35 species that belong to 18 families and 33 genus and the herb is mainly, Camptotheca aczoninata pecne is the only woody. The weed seeds have 8 families, 12 genus, 13 species in dry land site, and the advantage species is Alopecurus aequalis, with a percentage of 49.1% in the type. There are 16 families, 23 genus, 25 species in corn site, and the advantage species is Calinsoga parviflora, with a percentage of 19.6% in the type. There are 12 families, 15genus, 17 species in the vegetable site and the advantage species is Setaria glauca, with a percentage of 25.9%. There are 14 families, 18 genus, 20 species in nursery type site, and the advantage species is Calinsoga parviflora Car, with a percentage of 34.0% in the type. The seed germination regulation of the four soil seed banks were almost consistence, which can be divided into 3 stages. The first stage ended on March 26, then ended from March 26 to April 10, and the budding slowly increased from April 15 to May 29.