城市分类的水环境容量目标控制研究

Research on object control of water environment capacity base on city classification

我国的水污染物总量控制,从初期的浓度控制逐渐转变为目标总量控制,并逐渐向容量总量控制。分析在目前的形势下全面实现水环境容量目标的困难,提出水污染排放目标总量应该基于城市分类(充分考虑水环境容量的支配性作用)的新观点,在国家不同投资力度和城市自身环境特点的基础上,以流程图的形式确定三种不同类型城市的环境质量目标,列出了影响城市分类的主要环境因素和指标。使各级政府制定的目标总量具有阶段可达性、现实性,并能够充分体现城市的产业结构、经济状况、人口变迁等影响要素。

The article put forwards the background of object control of water environment in water pollution prevention. We analysis difficulties in achieving object control of water environment at present situation. So we bring forward a new viewpoint which relates to the object control of total water pollution which should based on city classification （we should sufficiently think over dominated effect on water environment capacity, basing on different governmental extent investment and different environment characteristic of cities, it can confirms three different environment quality objects which showed by flow chart associated with three different category cities, listing some index and primary environment factors which influence city classification~ The object control of total water pollution decided by different level government have some feasibility and realistic character, and a number of influence factors which embody industry frame, economy situation and population movement of cities.