东北地区某部急性感染性腹泻病的流行病学研究

THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON ACUTE INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA IN A CERTAIN UNIT OF PLA IN NORTH-EASTERN AREA OF CHINA

本文于１９９２年６月至１９９３年５月，在某部队设点进行了腹泻病监测。通过对４０个连队２２６７名官兵一年的观察，共发现急性腹泻病人４７０例，发病率为２０．７３％。７５％连队的发病率介于１０．１～３０．０％，以散发为主，３个连队曾出现本病流行。６～９月份发病数占全年总病例数的６０％。１２２例腹泻病人粪便标本检出６种病原体，检出率为４０．２％，以ＥＴＥＣ、志贺氏菌及轮状病毒（Ａ）为多。７１例腹泻病人与１４２名健康战士的对照调查资料，经条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ单因素及多因素回归分析，表明生吃不清洗瓜果及饭前、便后不洗手等因素是发生腹泻病的危险因素。

e have investigated the incidence rate of acute infectious diarrhea in a certain unit of PLA in North-eastern area of China between June 1992 and May 1993.The annual incidence rate was 20.73%. Acute infectious di-arrheal cases mostly occurred in summer months (June to September) After multiple regression analysis,the incidence showed positive correlation with the atmospheric temperature(r=0.9065,t_r=6.79, P<0. 01).As for the search for pathogens, we collected 122 fecal samples from patients with acute infectious diarrhea. Six generas of agents were found with detectable rate of 40.2%. The most prevalent pathogens were ETEC (23.1%),followed by Shigella(8.2%),rotaviruses(A)(7.4%),Campylobacter jejuni(1.6%),Yersinia entercolitica(0.8%),and Vibrio parahemolyticus (0.9-%).The re-sults of case control study showed that not washing halids before meal or after defecation and not washing melons before eating were the risk factors for occurrence of acute infectious diarrhea.