小腿三头肌构筑学研究

STUDY ON ARCHITECTUKE OF THE HUMAN MUSCLE TRICEPS SURAE

对１６侧人小腿三头肌的肌构筑研究表明，腓肠肌内侧头的肌重和生理横切面积分别是外侧头的１．４６倍和１．６６倍，但肌纤维长仅及后者的５／６。外侧头的肌质亚部，其肌纤维长／生理横切面积比率（１．９４）显著大于其他亚部。比目鱼肌的生理横切面积是腓肠肌的１．４倍，但肌纤维长／生理横切面积的比率仅及后者的１／４。这提示，腓肠肌两个头均属力量型肌，内侧头产生的张力大于外侧头，但外侧头缩短速度的潜力比内侧头高。比目鱼肌能产生较大张力，但缩短的速度很小。外侧头肌质亚部是已分化为速度型的肌，它的功能尚需进一步研究。

The architectural features of the medial and lateral heads of gastronemius muscle and soleus muscle were studied in eight cadavers. The muscle weight and cross-sectional area of the medial head of gastrocnemlus muscle were l.46 times and l.66 times to those of the lateral head,but the fiber length of former was only 5/6 of the latter. The muscular compartment of the lateral head had a significantly higher ratio(1.94) than that of all others in fiber length/cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area of the soleus was l.4 times to that of the gastrocnemius, but its ratio of fiber length/cross-sectional area was only l/4 of the gastrocnemius. The results indicated that both heads of the gastrocnemius were designed for tension production, it was expected that the tension produced by the medial head may be greater than the lateral head,and the velocity is a priority in the lateral head.The soleus was designed for tension production at the expense of velocity. The muscular compartment of the lateral head differentiated to serve more in velocity of shortening.Its performance needs further investigations.