人虹膜新生血管的分类及超微结构

THE TYPES AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF IRIS NEOVASCULARIZATION IN HUMAN

在光镜和电镜下，根据新生血管的发生位置将虹膜新生血管分为两类。１．新生血管出现于虹膜基质和前缘层中，称为虹膜内新生血管。２．新生血管位于虹膜前表面，称为虹膜表面新生血管。它又有两种表现形式：（１）纤维血管膜，由厚的胶原纤维和稀少的小血管组成。血管内皮细胞为有孔型，周细胞肿胀，基膜显著增厚。新生血管外无色素细胞。（２）血管膜，主要由血管和少量胶原纤维构成，是一高度血管化的薄膜。血管内皮细胞为无孔连续型，周细胞缺失，可见虹膜前缘层中有突起的非色素细胞围绕。虹膜新生血管的发生方式有两种：即新生血管系原有血管以毛细血管芽方式而生成；虹膜基质细胞分化为血管的内皮细胞和周细胞，最终形成新生血管。

In this paper,the neovascularization of iris(NVI)occurred in the ocular dieasese is observed by light and electron microscope,According to the location of neovascularization,there are two types of NVI.One is the new formed vessels appeared in the stroma of iris and anterior layer of iris and called neovascularization in iris.The second is the new formed vessels covered the anterior surface of iris and called neovascularization on the anterior surface of iris.It displays two forms:(1)The fibrovascular membrane is a thick fibrous with sparse vessels,The endothelium of the new vessels is fenestrated type.There are swelling pericytes with thickened basement membrane. No pigmented cells are seen around these new formed vessels,(2)The vascular membrane is a thin hightly vascular membrane and composed mainly of vessels and less fibrous elements.The endothelium is of continous type and lack of pericytes,but are surrounded by the long dendritic cytoplasmic processes of non-pigmented cells. In this paper,we conclude that there are two development ways of NVI.(1)The new vessels formation is a process of capilllary budding from preexiting vessels;(2)The stroma cells of iris may differentiate into the endothelial cells or pericytes,so that the new vessels are formed.