生后人肺神经内分泌细胞的形态学观察──免疫组织化学及电镜研究

MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION ON THE NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS OF POSTNATAL HUMAN LUNG──IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES

用银染色法、免疫组织化学及透射电镜技术，对３６例人肺的神经内分泌细胞进行了形态学和免疫组织化学观察。结果显示，生后肺的神经内分泌细胞（ＮＥ细胞）多位于肺内支气管上皮内，其数量在１周岁后迅速减少，并保持在最低水平。ＮＥ细胞多为封闭型，呈圆形。神经上皮小体（ＮＥＢ）为团状，表面有上皮细胞与腔面相隔。５－ＨＴ阳性ＮＥ细胞和降钙素阳性ＮＥ细胞为锥形，很少形成ＮＥＢ。ＮＥ细胞超微结构显示，胞质内细胞器丰富，并含具特征性的致密核芯小泡。根据生后肺的ＮＥ细胞数量变化、形态结构和免疫组织化学特征，提示ＮＥ细胞发生了废用性退化，其原因可能与出生前后人肺功能改变有关。

The neuroendocrine cells(NE cell)of 36 cases of human lung from newborn to 75 years old were studied by Grimelius silver stain,immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic techniques.The results showed that the NE cells were mainly located in the epithelium of intrapulmonary bronchi.The number of NE cells decreased rapidly after 1 year old and then keeped at the lowestlevel forever,Generally most of the NE cells were closed type and round in shape.NEB usually wereshowed spherical shape,and there were some epithelial cells to seperate their surface from the lumen,Both 5-HT positive NE cells and calcitonin positive NE cells were pyramidal in shape and almost no NEB formed.The Ultrastructure of NE cells showed that their cytoplasm was rich in organella and contained specific dense core vesicles,The changes of number and the character of morphology and immunohistochemistry in postnatal NE cells suggested that retrogration occured in the NE cells,of which the reason might be the functional difference of human lung between neonataland postnatal stages.