大鼠精子发生和形成过程中溶酶体超微结构和CMPase的细胞化学变化

ULTRASTRACTURAL AND CMPase CYTOCHEMISTRY CHANGES OF LYSOSOMES IN SPERMATOGENIC CELLS OF RAT

通过超微结构及胞嘧啶单核苷酸酶（ｃｙｔｉｄｉｎｅｍｏｎｏｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔａｓｅ，ＣＭＰａｓｅ）细胞化学方法研究大鼠精子发生和形成过程中溶酶体的动态变化。结果表明：精原细胞中只有极少的溶酶体，精母细胞中溶酶体明显增多；高尔基期精子细胞中出现前顶体泡，高密度多泡体和其他形态的溶酶体，它们呈现ＣＭＰａｓｅ阳性。头帽期时精子细胞顶体系统不断扩大，高密度多泡体等溶酶体已转移至形成中的精子尾附近，并一直停留在此。从头帽期末始，顶体系统ＣＭＰａｓｅ反应由阳性转为阴性。顶体期第１２阶段后，精子细胞尾部胞质中溶酶体消失，脂滴增多。成熟期精子细胞及残余小体中有自噬小体存在，但无ＣＭＰａｓｅ阳性颗粒。本文认为：１．精母细胞溶酶体较其他生精细胞溶酶体都多；２．头帽期末顶体系统ＣＭＰａｓｅ反应由阳性转为阴性是顶体中酶重新装配所致；３．位于精子细胞尾部胞质中的溶酶体可能参与精子尾形成；４．残余小体的清除主要是由Ｓｅｒｔｏｌｉ细胞实施而非残余小体的自体消化。

The lysosomes of spermatogenic cells were studied by the ultrastructural and cytidine monophophatase(CMPase) cytochemical methods. There are little lysosomes in spermatogonia. Their amount greatly increase in spermatocytes. In spermatid, several CMPase positive vacuoles,including proacrosomal granules, dark multivesicular bodies (dMVBs),and other lysosomes are found in Golgi phase. During cap phase, except acrosomal system, other lysosomes have moved to the flagellumdeveloping field,oposite Golgi apparatus, with myelin-like structure forming.After the late cap phase,the acrosomal system displays negative reaction of CMPase.The dMVBs and other lysosomes disapear after the 12th stap, with lipids increase. During maturation phase, organelles undergo degeneration.Some autophagosomes develop with no CMPase activity. From these results, we suggested: 1. The amount of lysosomes in spermatocytes is more than that of other spermatogenic cells. 2. Negative CM-Pase reaction of acrosomal systems after the late cap phase might be the result of acrosomal re-organization. 3. The dMVBs and other lysosomes in spermatids might be related to the flagellum formation.4. It is the lysosomes of Sertoli cells ,not that of residual bodies themselves,that take major role in digesting residual bodies.