超声对冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的检测与分析

Detection and analysis of carotid arteries of patients with coronary artery diseases by ultrasonography

目的:探讨冠心病患者颈动脉内膜—中层厚度(IMT)的变化与冠心病的发生及其严重程度的相关性。方法:用彩色多普勒超声诊断系统对78例经冠状动脉造影受检者进行颈动脉的超声检查,测量统计颈动脉内径、IMT、斑块的发生率、斑块面积、Crouse积分及血流频谱数值。实验对象分为对照组、1、2、3支病变组(冠心病组)进行对照分析。结果:冠心病组颈动脉IMT明显高于对照组,斑块发生率对照组28%,1、2、3支病变组分别60%、76%、78%,面积和Crouse积分1支病变组显著高于对照组,而2、3支病变组显著高于1支病变组。经统计学处理,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。颈动脉内径、血流动力学参数组间无明显差异。结论:颈动脉粥样硬化与冠心病的发生及其严重程度呈显著性相关,可做为冠状动脉粥样硬化的体表窗口,对冠心病的严重程度及冠脉造影的筛选有一定预测价值。

Objective： To explore the relationship between the changes in the carotid artery intimamedia thinness （IMT） and degree in the patients with coronary artery diseases. Methods： Color ultrasound examination was performed in the carotid artery of 78 patients who had had coronary angiography, to measure the diameter and IMT of the carotid arteries and calculate the rate and area of plaque, Crouse grading, and blood flow in the normal control group and the coronary artery disease group including one branch, two branches and three branches of pathological changes. Results： The IMT of the carotid artery in the coronary artery disease group was thicker than that normal control group （ P 〈 0.01） ; the rate of plaque was 28% in the control group, 60% in one-- branch pathological change group, 76% in two-branch pathological change group and 78% in three branches pathological change group; in the area of plaque and Crouse grading one-- branch group was larger and higher, two-- branch and three-- branch groups were larger and higher one group （P 〈 0.01 ）,compared with the control group; there were no significant difference in the diameter of the carotid artery and blood flow. Conclusion： The degree of arteriosclerosis of the carotid artery is highly correlated with attack of coronary artery disease.