提高大鼠心肌梗死模型成功率的方法研究

Study on Raising Survival Rate of Rat Model with Myocardial Infarction

目的探讨成功制备大鼠心肌梗死模型的影响因素。方法结扎160只Wistar雄性大鼠左冠状动脉前降支制备心肌梗死模型,分析麻醉、肺损伤、感染等因素对大鼠死亡率的影响,并经心电图等确认模型成功建立。结果麻醉后2h内复苏的大鼠死亡率与2h后复苏者死亡率比较,有显著性差异(13.6%vs41.3%,P<0.01);肺损伤大鼠死亡率与肺未损伤大鼠死亡率比较有显著性差异(70.6%vs8.6%,P<0.01);术后使用青霉素者死亡率与未使用者比较有显著性差异(16.4%vs37.2%,P<0.05)。术后心电图I、aVL有Q波且>1mv,V1、V3、V5胸前导联R波之和<10mv患者,心肌特殊染色证实心肌梗死面积大于40%。结论麻醉、肺损伤、感染等因素均对大鼠死亡率有影响。麻醉药的正确使用、肺损伤的减少、抗感染及冠脉结扎的准确判断等是成功建立Wistar大鼠心肌梗死模型的保障。

To investigate the factors that influence creating rat model of infarct heart successfully. Methods Left anterior descending coronary arteries were ligated to produce myocardial infarction （MI） in 160 Wistar male rats. Some factors including anaesthesia, lung injury, anti-infective etc. which affected rat mortality were analyzed. Credible rat models were evidenced by eletroeardiogram （ECG）. Results There was significant difference in mortality rate between the rats which made recovery from anaesthesia within 2 hours and those whose recovery time exceeded 2 hours（13.6% vs. 41.3% ,P〈0.01）. There was significant difference in mortality rate between the rats with lung injury and the ones with intact lung （70.6% vs. 8.6% ,P〈0.01）, as well as the rats which were injected with penicillin and no injection （16.4% vs. 37.2% ,P〈0.05）. The rats with MI size 〉40% demonstrated by special staining method showed Q waves 〉1 mv in the leads of I、aVL and the sum of R waves〈 10 mv in the leads of V1 ,V3 ,V5 in electrocardiogram. Conclusion Anaesthesia, lung injury, and infection can influence the survival rate of MI rats. Our methods include applying anaesthetic correctly, decreasing lung injury, injecting anti-infective and ligating left anterior descending coronary arteries exactly. They give a guarantee for making a successful rat MI model.