人格心理学中的自我研究综述

A Summary of Self Research in Personality Psychology

自我是人格心理学研究中的热点,自我的跨文化研究和脑机制研究是未来自我研究的热点和趁势。百年来国内外自我研究存在精神分析取向、现象学取向、认知行为取向、社会文化取向等四种取向,以及“客体我”和“主体我”研究两大范畴。当前自我研究存在自我的综合性研究不足、客体我的研究多主体我的研究少、脑机制的研究局限于认知部分、对本土文化的自我概念研究重视不够等四个主要问题。

Self is the central issue in personality psychology research. Cross-culture research and the brain mechanism research is a future tendency in the research of self. The paper reviewed more than a hundred year of research of self in the world. It pointed out that there existed four perspectives, namely： psychoanalytic perspective, phenomenolegical perspective, cognitive behaviorism perspective, and sociocultural perspective, and that there were two major categories of research, namely＇： research of “I”and research of “Me”. Currently there are four main problems in self research： （1） lack of a synthetic study in self research; （2） there are much more research of “Me”than research of “I”; （3） the brain mechanism research is limited to cognition; and （4） insufficient attention to the study of indigenous conceptions of self.