汉英翻译中再范畴化的认知特征

The Cognitive Characteristics of Re-categorization in C-E Translation

作为认知语言学的基本理论,范畴理论帮助人们认识翻译再范畴化这一认知机制。源语范畴及其对应的目的语范畴都处于各自的范畴体系或图式框架之内,并且这两个范畴图式体系在翻译过程中被译者整合为一个整体。由于两个跨语范畴之间的对应并不一定就是等级的,因而会发生错级对应现象。但这种错级对应并不是在无序中发生的,而是遵循着翻译再范畴化的认知规律。我们借助维特根斯坦的“家族相似”这一语言哲学理论以及认知语言学中的基准范畴理论或扫描理论等.可以发现阚限性、层级性、寄生性和双向优选性等认知特征贯穿着汉英翻译的再范畴化这一认知过程。

In Chinese-English translation, a category in the source language needs to undergo re-categorization before its target category is found. The source category and its corresponding target category can justify their coexistence in the categorical system integrated from the two languages. However, the correspondence between the two categories is often built on levels not corresponding to each other and displays certain cognitive characteristics. Wittegenstein's family resemblance theory, the basic-level theory in cognitive linguistics and the scanning theory in cognitive grammar may explain these cognitive characteristics in the process of re-categorization in C-E translation, including domain confinement, level inconsistency, parasiticness and double-oriented priority.