杭州市大学生吸烟状况及社会心理因素分析

The Analysis of Cigarette Smoking and the Soci-psychological Factors Among College Students in Hangzhou

目的了解大学生的烟草使用现状,探讨吸烟行为的相关社会心理因素,为建立青少年预防和控制吸烟新模式提供依据.方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在杭州市的大学中抽取大学生375名进行问卷调查.结果大学生吸烟率为12.3%,男生吸烟率高于女生.吸烟者中开始吸烟的年龄主要分布于9～20岁.尝试吸烟动机主要有:不想拒绝别人递烟、解乏提神、摆脱烦恼、显示自主性.吸烟者的烟草依赖症状较轻.绝大部分吸烟者对戒烟持消极的态度.性别、零用钱、同伴压力、饮酒、焦虑情绪是大学生吸烟的影响因素.结论应针对大学生吸烟行为的社会心理影响因素,建立综合性的控烟模式.

Objective To study the status of cigarette use among college students, to explore the related soci-psycholagical factors, and to provide basis for models of cigarette prevention and controlling for adolescents. Methods With stratified clustered sampling method, 375 college students were chosen to complete the questionnaire. Results The smoking rate was 12.3%, and the rate for males was higher than for females. Their onset smoking age was mainly distributed in 9-20 years old. The motivations of attempting swanking were as following： not willing to refuse others＇ offer, to feel more energetic, to help to forget troubles and to show one＇s independence. The tobacco addiction symptoms were not serious in the smokers, but most of the smokers had negative attitude toward smoking cessation. The influencing factors of smoking were gender, pocket money, peer influence, alcohol drinking and anxiety. Conclusion Comprehensive model of cigarette control in adolescents should be established considering the soci-psychological influencing factors.