儿童学习困难危险因素的Logistic分析

Logistic analysis on the risk factors of children with learning disabil ities

目的:探讨儿童学习困难发生的危险因素。方法:以门诊诊断为学习困难的15岁儿童213例为研究组,根据1∶1的比例以同期在其它门诊诊治的同年龄、同性别的非学习困难病例213例作为对照组,对学习困难的危险因素进行条件Logis-tic回归分析。结果:学习困难儿童行为问题发生率与对照组比较在冲动多动、品行问题、学习问题、多动指数方面差异具有显著性意义(P<0·05);多元逐步回归分析发现,父母经常说孩子的缺点、对孩子要求不一致、不太关心孩子的学习、不太注意孩子的想法、孩子感到考试紧张、厌学情绪是导致儿童学习困难发生的危险因素,而母亲文化程度较高、父母期望值较高、家庭和睦温暖、与老师的关系较好、与同学的关系较好则是抑制学习困难发生的因素。结论:儿童学习困难是多种因素综合作用所致。

Objective： To explore the risk factors of children with learning disabilities （LD） . Methods： 213 children aged 15 years diagnosed as LD by psychological clinic of this hospital were recruited into the case -group. Meanwhile, according to 1 ： 1 pairs, other 213 subjects of same age and gender without LD were referred as the control -group. A logistic regression analysis was employed to study the risk factors related to LD. Results： The incidences of behavior problems such as hyperkinetie syndrome, moral problem, learning problem of children with LD were significantly higher than those of controls （P 〈0. 05 ） . The stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors con- tributing to LD were childreng shortcomings reminded often by their parents, discrepant request of parents, unconcerned attitude on children learning and thought, fear to examination, and boredom to school, while the factors such as high mother＇s education, high expected value on children, warm and harmony in family, good relationship with their teachers and classmates could reduce the incidence of LD. Conclusion： Children learning disabilities should resulte from comprehensive factors.