与家人共居和独居的肠癌患者社会支持与心理行为改善状况分析

Social support and improvement of mental behaviors in patients with intestinal cancer living with their families or alone

目的:评估肠癌术后患者的心理行为改善及生活质量状况与社会支持及和家人共居社会支持与生活质量的相关性。方法:①选择2002-01/2004-12在商丘市第一人民医院肿瘤科住院的肠癌患者96例。患者同意参加调查。②调查于患者入院后两三天完成。调查问卷由3个部分组成:第一部分为社会人口统计学调查问卷,主要收集一般人口学资料。第二部分为社会支持自评量表,从依附与亲密,社会结合,付出的机会,自身价值的体现及信息、情感、物质帮助的可得性5个维度25个条目评定患者的主观社会支持水平。总分25～125分。得分越高表示主观社会支持水平越高。第三部分为生活质量评定问卷,从生活满意度(10～50分),自我概念(15～75分),健康和功能状态(15～75分)以及社会经济(10～50分)4个方面评估患者的生活质量,总分50～250分,分值越高,表示生活质量越高。③计量资料差异性比较采用t检验。采用Pearson相关分析总结社会支持和生活质量的相关性。结果:纳入肠癌患者96例,均进入结果分析,并完成量表评估。①一般情况:男56例,女40例;年龄23～65岁,平均(55±4)岁。与家人共居66例,独居30例。②社会支持评定结果:与家人共居患者社会支持自评量表总分、依附与亲密、社会结合、付出的机会、自身价值的体现维度评分明显高于独居者(94.71±10.63,19.43±2.97,17.91±2.40,18.90±2.58,18.26±2.49;79.71±14.41,15.57±4.24,14.21±3.21,15.79±3.68,15.29±3.63,t=3.438～4.569,P<0.01)。③生活质量评定结果:与家人共居患者生活质量评定问卷总分、生活满意度、自我概念、健康和功能状态评分均明显高于独居者(128.31±26.23,32.65±9.65,41.87±7.00,30.45±8.75;112.33±24.26,26.44±8.65,39.47±7.32,26.43±7.36,t=2.937～3.769,P<0.05～0.01)。④社会支持和生活质量相关性:社会支持自评量表总分与生活质量总分呈显著正相关(r=0.623,P<0.01)。结论:与家人共居肠癌患者获得的社会支持和生活质量均好于独居者,且获得社会支持越多,心理行为改善情况越好。

AIM： To evaluate the relativity of improvement ot mental behaviors and status of quality of life（QOL） with social support and living with families in patients with intestinal cancer. METHODS： ①From January 2002 to December 2004, 96 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Oncology, Shangqiu First People ＇ s Hospital were consent to our investigation. ②The investigation was finished within 2 or 3 days after hospitalization. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts： The first part was about social demography, which were mainly the collected demographic data; The second part was self-rating scale about social support from 5 dimensions（dependence and intimacy, social combi- nation, opportunity to offering, manifestation of individual value, acquirability of information, emotion and matter including 25 items to assess the subjective social support level in a total of 25 to 125 marks, and the higher the marks were, the higher the subjective social support level was; The third part was about QOL from 4 aspects of satisfaction with life（10 to 50 marks）, self-concept（15 to 75 marks）, health and function states（15 to 75 marks） and social economics（10 to 50 marks） to assess the QOL in patients in a total of 50 to 250 marks, and the higher the marks were, the higher the QOL was. ③The difference of measurement data was compared by t test. The relativity between social support and QOL was concluded by Pearson correlation＇s analysis. RESULTS： All the 96 patients with intestinal cancer were analyzed in the result, and finished the evaluation of scales. ①General condition： There were 56 males and 70 females at the age of 23 to 65 years with the mean of （55±4） years, amont which. 66 patients lived with their families together and 30 lived alone. ②Evaluation results of social support： The total score of social support self-rating scale, the score of dependence and intimacy, social combination, opportunity to offering, manifestation of individual val- ue, acquirability of information, emotion and matter were significantly higher in the patients living with their families than those living alone[（94.71 ±10.63）, （19.43±2.97）, （17.91±2.40）, （18.90±2.58）, （18.26±2.49） marks vs （79.71±14.41）, （15.57±4.24）, （14.21±3.21）, （15.79±3.68）, （15.29±3.63） marks, t=3.438 to 4.569, P 〈 0.01].③The assessment results of QOL： The total score of OQL assessment, the score of satisfaction with life, self-concept, health and function were significantly higher in the patients living with their-families than those living alone[（128.31±26.23）, （32.65±9.65）, （41.87±7.00）, （30.45±8.75） marks vs （112.33±24.26）, （26.44±8.65）, （39.47±7.32）, （26.43±7.36） marks, t=2.937 to 3.769, P 〈 0.05 to 0.01]. ③ The relativity between social support and QOL： The total score of social support was in a positive correlation with the total score of QOL（r=0.623, P 〈 0,01）. CONCLUSION： As compared with the patients with intestinal cancer living alone, those living with their families together receive more social support and have better QOL, and the more the social support is, the mental behaviors are improved better.