运动类型与体育专业大学生视力康复

Sports type and eyesight rehabilitation of students majoring in physical education

目的:通过对不同专业学生在校期间的视力变化分析,探讨运动类型对大学生视力影响,更好的为大学生身心健康服务。方法:于1998-09/2003-05分别对华中师范大学体育学院、商丘师范学院体育系02,03届篮球、田径、武术及健美操4个专业1343名学生入学及毕业时视力检查。采用全国统一的“E”字形国际标准对数视力表箱,对受检大学生距离5m进行裸视视力检查。分别对毕业生入学与毕业时视力检查的原始数据及各专业学生室内课与室外课的时间进行统计分析。结果:在随机抽取的1343人中,排除4人因检查时眼睛受伤及2人患传染性眼疾者。共1337人纳入分析。①各专业学生视力改善率比较:各专业大多数学生毕业时的视力较入学时有所康复,但不同专业学生改善率有差异。健美操专业学生视力改善率较低(39%),武术、篮球、田径专业学生视力改善率达65%以上,其中视力改善率篮球02届为85%,03届为94%;田径02届为85.0%,03届为52.1%;武术02届为72%,03届为58.5%;健美操02届为42%,03届为35%。②各专业学生入学和毕业时视力康复与室外运动的时间关系:武术、篮球、田径专业学生在户外上课及运动占其总学时的45%以上,这3个专业视力改善达63%以上。健美操专业学生室外体育运动时间占总学时时间10%,其视力康复占39%。结论:通过一定时间的适宜运动,近视的学生其视力能够在一定程度得到康复。视力的恢复与不同的运动类型及运动时间有一定的关系。合理调整课程安排,注意学生在运动场与在教室的时间关系,对视力康复是有利的。

AIM： By analyzing the variation of students＇ eyesight in different majors, this paper probed into the influence of sports type on students＇ eyesight, so as to supply a good service to university students＇ physical and mental health. METHODS： Between September 1998 and May 2003, the students＇ naked eyesights were detected from 5 meters away with the unified “E” standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. Statistical analysis was performed to the origin data of 2002 and 2003 year graduates＇ eyesight compared with their being freshmen as well as the time of in-door lessons and out- door lessons. RESULTS： Of the 1 343 randomly selected students, 1 337 were involved in the analysis of results. ① The eyesight of most students were rehabilitated when they graduated, and the ameliorative rates in different majors were significant different （85%, 94%; 85.0%, 52.1%; 72%, 58.5%; 42%, 35%）.② The time of out-door lessons in the majors of martial arts, basket- ball and track＆field amounted to more than 45% of the total lessons, and the eyesight ameliorative rate of the 3 majors reached more than 63%. The time of out-door lessons in the major of aerobics was 10% of total lessons, and the eyesight ameliorative rate was 39%. CONCLUSION： Through suitable exercise of a certain period, eyesight of mope-eyed students could rehabilitate to some extend. The recovery of eye-sight is associated with the type and time of exercise. Reasonable adjustments of curricular arrangement and time of in-door lessons and out-door lessons are good for the rehabilitation of eyesight.