刺五加皂甙和水飞蓟素提高小鼠运动后即刻肌糖原含量

Effects of acanthopanax senticosus and silymarin in increasing the content of muscle glycogen in mice immediately after exercise

目的:初步筛选具有促进糖原合成作用的物质。方法:实验于2003-03在国家体育总局运动医学研究所完成。选择SPF/VAF级雌性CD-1小鼠130只。随机分为10组:安静对照组、训练对照组、训练+烟酸铬组、训练+五味子素组、训练+黄芪多糖组、训练+人参皂甙组、训练+谷氨酰胺组、训练+水飞蓟素组、训练+刺五加甙组、训练+红景天甙组。每组13只。训练对照和训练+不同药物组负重2%游泳训练6d,训练+不同药物组分别灌胃给予烟酸铬0.02g/(kg·d)、谷氨酰胺4g/(kg·d)、五味子素、黄芪多糖、人参皂甙、水飞蓟素、刺五加甙或红景天甙中药提取物的剂量都为0.8g/(kg·d),对照组给予安慰剂。末次训练后20h,负重4%游泳30min后即刻取股四头肌和肝脏,测定糖原。结果:每组实验动物均达到实验目的,全部进入结果分析。①训练或药物对小鼠体质量的影响:实验前各组小鼠体质量差异不显著(F=1.398,P=0.197);实验后所有训练组(包括训练对照组和训练+不同药物组)的体质量都显著低于安静对照组(F=3.784,P<0.01),说明训练降低小鼠体质量。与训练对照相比,人参皂甙或刺五加皂甙组小鼠体质量较高(P<0.05)。②训练或药物对小鼠一般情况的影响:在实验过程中,所有实验动物的精神状态、摄食活动、毛色、大便等都无异常。③训练或药物对肌糖原的影响:方差分析表明,定量负荷后即刻,股四头肌糖原含量存在组间差异(F=3.154,P=0.002)。训练组与安静组之间无差异;在8个用药组中,刺五加皂甙+训练组和水飞蓟素+训练组的肌糖原含量比训练对照组高(P<0.05);红景天皂甙+训练组与训练对照组比有升高趋势,但无统计学意义(P=0.115);其他用药组与训练对照组间的差异都无统计学意义(P>0.05)。④训练或药物对肝糖原的影响:多组秩和检验表明,定量负荷后即刻,肝糖原含量在各组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.108)。结论:刺五加皂甙和水飞蓟素具有较明显的促肌糖原合成作用,红景天皂甙可能对肌糖原合成也具有一定的积极意义。

AIM：To primarily screen out the substances that can promote glycogen synthesis. METHODS： The study had been done in the Institute of Sports Medicine, General Administration of Sport in March 2003. Totally 130 SPF/SVF female mice were divided into ten groups with 13 mice in each group： quiet control group, training control group, and 8 training ＋different medicine groups. Mice in the training control group and training＋different medicine groups were trained with 2% loaded swimming for 6 days, and those in the training＋different medicine groups were treated with gastric perfusions of nicotinic acid chromium （0.02 g/kg per day）, glutamine （4 g/kg per day）, schizandrin, astraglus extract polysaccharides, ginsenosides, silymarin, acanthopanax senticosus or salidroside respectively （the dose was 0.8 g/kg per day for all the traditional Chinese medicine extracts）, the mice in the control groups were treated with placebo. At 20 hours after swimming training with 2% of body mass for 6 days, all of the mice finished a 30-minute swimming loading with 4% of the body mass, the quadriceps femoris and liver were taken out immediately to determine glycogen. RESULTS： The data from all of animals were analyzed. ①The effects of training or medicine on the body mass of the mice： There were no significant differences before experiment among the ten groups （F=1.398, P=0.197）; By the end of the experiment, the body mass of the trained mice were lower than that of the untrained mice （F=3.784,P 〈 0.01）, it was shown that the body mass of mice were reduced by training. Compared with the training control group, the body mass of trained mice treated with ginsenosides or acanthopanax senticosus was higher significantly （P 〈 0.05）. ② During the experiment, the psychosis, eating and drinking, feather colour, and stool were normal in all the mice. ③The glycogen content of muscle quadriceps femoris were significantly different among the ten groups （F=3.154, P=0.002）. There was no significant difference between the quiet control and the training control group. Compared with the training control group, the glycogen content of quadriceps femoris was significantly higher in the mice supplied with acanthopanax senticosus or silymarin （P 〈 0.05）, but with salidroside （P=0.115） or with other substance （P 〉 0.05）. ④ By Kruskal-Wallis H test, the difference of the content of liver glycogen between the groups was not significantly different immediately after exercise （P=0.108）. CONCLUSION： Acanthopanax senticosus and silymarin have more obvious effect in facilitating glycogen synthesis, salidroside may also play a certain active role in glycogen synthesis.