我国成人收缩期和舒张期高血压的分布

The Distribution of Systolic and Diastolic Hypertension in Chinese Adults

目的了解收缩期和舒张期高血压在我国成人中的分布状况。方法在第3次全国高血压抽样调查数据基础上,选用18岁及以上868131名成年人的资料进行分析。高血压的亚型分为3类,分别是单纯收缩期高血压(ISH);单纯舒张期高血压(IDH)和收缩期舒张期高血压(SDH)。结果在我国人群中,ISH、IDH和SDH的患病率分别为5.1%、2·8%和5·0%。55岁及以上的高血压患者占高血压总人数的53·2%。在高血压患者中,随着年龄的增长ISH的比例显著增高和IDH的比例显著降低,在≥55岁的高血压患者中ISH占52·7%。而<55岁的患者则以舒张期高血压为主(占75·2%),它们分别是IDH(占36·9%)和SDH(占38·3%)。结论我国的中老年(≥55岁)患者占18岁及以上高血压患者总数的一半以上,在中老年患者中ISH是较为常见的高血压类型。

Objective The purpose of the present study was to examine the distribution of systolic and diastolic hypertension in Chinese adults. Methods An analysis of the 868 131 participants （age≥18 years） in the Third National Survey of Blood Pressure was undertaken. Hypertensive subtype was defined as isolated systolic hypertension （ISH）, SBP≥140 and DBP〈90 mm Hg; isolated diastolic hypertension （IDH）, SBP≥140 mm Hg and DBP≥90 mm Hg; combined systolic/diastolic hypertension （SI）H）, SBP 140 mm Hg and DBP≥90 mmHg. Results Prevalence rate of ISH, IDH and SDH were 5. 1%, 2.8 and 5.0 %, respectively. More than half hypertensive patients （53.2%） were≥55 years. The proportion ISH was progressively higher and the IDH progressively lower with the increases of age. ISH accounted for over 52.7% of total patients of age≥55 years. In contrast, among patients of age〈 55 years, diastolic hypertension was predominantly prevalent（ 75.2%）, with 36.9% of IDH and 38.3% of SDH. Conclusion More than half hypertension patients was ≥55 years old. Isolated diastolic hyper- tension was more frequent in subjects 〈55 years.