棉花枯萎、黄萎病拮抗芽孢杆菌的抗菌蛋白特性

Characteristics of Antagonistic Proteins from Bacillus Against Cotton Fusarium Wilt and Verticillium Wilt

从土贝母和腊肠等中药和发酵食品中筛选出对棉花枯萎、黄萎病菌有广谱拮抗作用的芽孢杆菌29株,其中有12株菌产抗菌蛋白。有5株抑菌活性较强:H110、H184、H216、B316和B382。经初步鉴定,H110和H184为枯草芽孢杆菌,H216、B316和B382为地衣芽孢杆菌。5株菌的蛋白粗提液对热稳定,对蛋白酶K、胰蛋白酶均不敏感,但H184、H216的蛋白粗提液对胃蛋白酶部分敏感。

Twenty-nine antagonistic bacillus strains, isolated from some Chinese traditional medicine and fermented food , inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum and Verticillium dahliae Kleb. And twelve of them are able to produce antagonistic proteins. Among the twelve strains, five （H110, H184, H216, B316 and B,382） showed higher antibacterial activity. Furthermore, H110 and H184 were identified as Bacillus subtilis, and H216, B316 and B382 as Bacillus licheniformis based on physiological and biochemistry experiments. The antagonistic proteins of five strains were all thermostable, resistant to proteinase K and trypsin, while H184 and H216 partially sensitive to pepsin.