经鼻气管插管吸痰方法的临床研究

Study on Sputum Aspirating Methods for Patients with Pernasal Tracheal Intubation

目的探讨吸痰方法对经鼻气管插管气道护理的影响,提高经鼻气管插管气道护理质量。方法对120例经鼻气管插管病人根据吸痰方法随机分组为规范组58例和常规组62例,规范组要求控制吸痰管插入深度,随吸痰管插入深度调节负压,适时吸痰,加强气道湿化,吸痰管金霉素眼膏润滑,加强口腔护理等;常规组按临床一般吸痰方法吸痰。比较观察两组病人痰液性状、痰量、痰痂、痰细菌培养、肺部感染等变化。结果常规吸痰组病人黄色粘稠痰者占69.35%,痰量>80ml占70.97%,痰痂形成占61.29%,细菌培养阳性占64.52%,肺部感染占51.61%,而规范组病人分别为31.03%,25.86%,5.17%,20.69%,22.41%,P<0.005。结论规范吸痰,可有效改善痰液性状、减少痰量及痰痂、减少肺部感染发生。

Objective To explore the sputum aspirating basic information for improving nursing quality . Methods method for patients with pernasal tracheal intubation,provide 120 cases of patients with pernasal tracheal intubation were randomly divided into control group （62cases）and test group （58 cases）. Patients were given routine sputum aspirating method in the control group ,while in the test group more attention was given to enhancing airway management including timely sputum aspiration,reasonable depth of suction catheter in patients＇ airway,adjusting negative pressure according to the depth of suction catheter in patients＇ airway ,lubricating the suction catheter with chlortetracycline hydrochloride eye ointment, enhancing oral nursing and moistenting the trachea, a comparative study was made about the quality and the quantity of sputum ,bacterial culture result and the incidence rate of sputum rheology and pulmonary infection between the two groups. Results The test group was superior to the control group according to the results of the study. Conclusion The improved sputum aspirating method can reduce the incidence rate of sputum rheology and pulmonary infection so as to improve nursing quality for patients with pernasal tracheal intubation.