中国电力工业发展:改革进程与配套改革

The Growth of China's Electrical Industry: the Reform Process, and Reforms that Fit Each Other

本文简单回顾了电力体制改革及近期的电力市场改革。文章分析了电力市场改革应先考虑几个重要宏观问题和一系列相关的配套改革,详细地讨论了中国电价机制经历的一系列变革,目前改革的长期目标和中短期改革重点,说明了国有企业的高度集中是电力行业许多基本问题的根源和国有企业改革的重要性。文章还对“煤电联动”、煤价改革,以保证煤电协调发展提出了建议。文章进一步讨论了中国能源问题,提出能源是中国经济增长的“硬约束”,节能、环保和能源战略规划的重要性和机构保证,以及开展充分的能源经济研究是能源战略规划的必需条件。

In this paper, we have briefly looked back to the reform of electrical industry system and the recent reform of electrical market, analyzed several important macro-problems that we should give priority to consider in the reform of electrical market, analyzed a series of reforms that fit each other, devoted a detailed discussion on a series of reforms of China's system of electric prices, on the long-term target for reform and on the emphases of short- and medium-term reform, and demonstrated that the high concentration of state-owned enterprises is the root of many key problems in the electric industry and that it is very import to carry out reform in national enterprises. In this article we have also put forward suggestions about 'coupled coal-electricity', and about reforming coal prices to guarantee the coordinated growth of coal and electricity industry. This paper further discusses China's energy resources, putting forward the thesis that energy resource problem are ' the harsh restraint' on China's economic growth, pointing out the importance of energy saving, environment protection, the strategic planning of energy resources, and guarantee in terms of organization, and showing that conducting full researches of energy resource economy is the necessary condition for the strategic planning of energy resources.