白菜-辣椒轮作中磷肥的产量效应及土壤磷积累研究

The Yield Response of Vegetable to Phosphate Fertilizer and Soil Phosphorus Accumulation in a Chinese Cabbage-capsicum Rotation

采用田间肥料定位试验研究了白菜-辣椒轮作中磷肥对蔬菜产量和磷肥用量对蔬菜全磷含量、土壤磷素积累状况的影响。结果表明,施用磷肥显著增加白菜和辣椒产量,磷肥用量56.25～225.00kg·ha-1,白菜和辣椒分别增产47.2%～70.3%和116.0%～221.3%;白菜磷肥用量高于225.00kg·ha-1、辣椒高于450.00kg·ha-1时,增施磷肥白菜和辣椒的产量无显著变化。随磷用量的增加白菜和辣椒植株的全磷含量显著增加,大量施用磷肥导致蔬菜对磷的奢侈吸收。0～20cm土层全磷及Olsen-P随磷用量的增加显著增加,磷肥用量与Olsen-P呈直线正相关。在连续两茬磷肥用量高于450.00kg·ha-1的土壤上种植白菜,施用磷肥无显著增产。

The yield response of Chinese cabbage and capsicum to phosphate fertilizer was studied in a long-term experiment. The effect of phosphate fertilizer on soil phosphorus and plant total P content were also investigated under different rates of phosphate fertilizer. Results showed that application of phosphate fertilizer significantly increased the yield of Chinese cabbage and capsicum. Application of phosphate fertilizer at rates of 56.25-225.00 kg·ha^-1 gave an yield increase of 47.2%-70.3% for Chinese cabbage and 116.0%-221.3% for capsicum. There was no yield response when phosphate fertilizer rate was more than 225.00 kg·ha^-1 for Chinese cabbage and more than 450.00 kg·ha^-1 for capsicum. The plant total P content of Chinese cabbage and capsicum, the soil total P content and Olsen-P in 0-20 cm soil profile were increased gradually with the increase of phosphate fertilizer rate, Phosphorus was absorbed luxuriously with excessive rate of phosphate fertilizer. Chinese cabbage had no response in yield to phosphate fertilizer when P fertilizer rate was more than 450.00 kg·ha^-1 for the two crops.