小麦禾谷缢管蚜发生为害与生态环境研究

STUDIES ON THE FLUCTUATIONS,HARMFULNESS AND THE ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS OF THE BIRDCHERRY-OAT APHID (RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI(L.))

八十年代以来,我区麦蚜频繁成灾,减产2—3成的麦田较为普遍,研究证明:成灾的主要原因是优势种群已由麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabr.)转变为禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphumpadi(L.)。田间调查弄清了禾谷缢管蚜在不同海拔高度的早、中、晚播麦田的不同生育阶段,以及在植株各部位的分布。穗期禾谷缢管蚜发生轻重与3月中旬平均温度呈正相关,与3月下旬雨量呈负相关。由此建立了预测禾谷缢管蚜发生程度的多元回归方程式: Y=0.792+0.205X_1-0.015X_2用这个预测式回测8年田间实测值与预测值极近。

Since 1980s,Wheat has been damaged seriously by cereal aphids inSichuan.The yield of wheat was reduced by 20—30% every year.Thechief reason is that the dominant specis has been turned from the Eng-lish grain aphid (Sitobion avenae (Fabr.))into the birdcherry-oataphid (RhopaUiphum padi (L.)). The result showed the distribution of this aphid on the positionsof different growth stages of wheat plants that were in early seeding,middle seeding,late seeding wheat fields at different altituds,and thusprovided the basis for controlling measure. The population levels of birdcherry-oat aphid in heading stage ispositively correlated with the mean temperature in middle March,andnegatively correlated with the rainfull in the late March.A multiplelinear regression was derived to forecast the population level of thisaphid,that is:Y=0.792+0.206X_1-0.015X_2.The investigating data forseven years were consistant closely with the values of forecasting.