硃砂叶螨为害对棉花生理活动的影响

THE EFFECT OF CARMINE SPIDER MITE INFESTATION ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF COTTON

本试验利用玻璃房中盆栽棉花,研究了硃砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)为害对棉花生理活动的影响。试验结果显示,螨害棉株生理活动发生了很大变化。螨害棉叶叶绿素含量减少,气孔阻力增大,蒸腾强度减弱,导致光合作用强度的降低。受害棉叶还表现细胞膜透性的增加,过氧化物酶同工酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱都发生了变化。棉叶氨基酸总量和可溶性蛋白质含量随为害程度的增加而减少。所测17种氨基酸,多数含量减少,以谷氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸减少量最多,但半胱氨酸含量积累增加。故此可以认为螨害影响了棉叶有机氮正常合成和分解的过程。

The physiological responses of cotton to carmine spider mite Tetra-nychus cinnabarinus(Boisduval)were studied on potted cotton plant growingin greenhouse.The results showed that a series of physiological ac-tivities of cotton damaged by spider mites changed significantly.Theintensity of cotton photosynthesis was reduced owing to the decreasedchlorophyll contents and transpiration intensity and increased stoma re-sistance to gas exchange.The osmosis of leaf cell membrance,and theisoenzyme spectra of peroxidase and esterase were also changed. The contents of amino acids and soluble protein in cotton leaf werereduced as the damage of spider mite became heavier.The contents ofmost of the 17 amino acids,especially the glutamic acid,histidine,andturosine were decreased obviously,while the content of cysteine was in-creased.These facts suggested that this spider mite damaged the normalsynthesis and decomposition processes of organic nitrogen in cotton leaf.