一种新的被毛突变小鼠及其生物学特性的初步研究

Biological characteristics of the new coat mutant mouse

在ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠生产群中，１罐（：＝１：１交配）繁殖鼠生下２ ．７被毛稀疏的仔鼠。该对仔鼠成年后进行兄妹交配，后代出现三种表型：被毛紧披，生长快，繁殖力强的正常全毛小鼠；完全无毛，有胸腺，生长慢，性成熟晚，雄性隐睾率高，雌性窝产仔数少的无毛鼠；被毛稀疏，生长较快，繁殖率较高的中间态稀毛鼠。三种小鼠皆能在开放系统中生存，寿命 １．５～２年。对这些小鼠进行交配试验，结果表明：此种突变由位于常染色体上的单对基因控制，呈半显性。三种表型小鼠的基因型为全毛＋／＋、无毛 ｂ／ｂ、稀毛 ｂ／＋。该突变既影响小鼠的上皮组织，又影响小鼠的繁殖、生长等性能。该小鼠可望成为皮肤、免疫、化妆品等研究领域的动物模型。

A pair of mutant mice with a first sparse coat appeared spontaneousely in the production stock of normal BALB / c mice. After being sibmated, they produced three phenotypes in their progenies f mice with normal hair(H), mice with a first sparse coat and then fuzzy coat (S), and bald mice(B) with thicker skin. Genetic studies revealed that the mutants had inherited an autosomal monogene that was semidominant. The genotypes of the mice were + / +(H), b / b(B), and b / +(S). These mice all had thymus and could be maintained in the open system with a one to two-year life span. While both sexes of homozygotes were fertile and the females could nurse their young, the litters were smaller than those of the other two types of mice (P<0.05). Also, their body weights at 10, 20, and 30 days were significantly lighter. Because of their unique characteristics, the bald mice are of potential value as mouse models in the studies of dermatosis, immunology and some related areas of research.