大麦抗赤霉病性的遗传研究

Genetic Study on the Resistance to Scab(Gibberella zeae)in Barley

采用特矮大麦／早熟３号、特矮大麦／紫皮大麦、特矮大麦／９１－６４１１、９１－６４１１／早熟３号４个杂交组合的Ｐ＿１、Ｐ＿２、Ｆ＿１、Ｆ＿２、Ｂ＿１、Ｂ＿２世代，研究了大麦抗赤霉病性的遗传。结果表明，大麦抗赤霉病性表现为部分显性或超显性，细胞质作用不明显。在特矮大麦／早熟３号、特矮大麦／紫皮大麦和特矮大麦／９１－６４１１中，共同亲本特矮大麦的感病性主要受一对隐性基因控制；在９１－６４１１／早熟３号中，抗赤霉病性为数量性状，加性、显性和加性×加性互作效应均极显著。大麦的抗赤霉病性与株高存在极显著的正相关，但与抽穗期、单株穗数无显著相关。

The inheritance of scab resistance in P_1,P_2,F_1,F_2, B_1, B_2 generations derived from four barley crosses,Teai Damai/Zaoshu 3 ,Teai Damai/Zipi Damai,Teai Damai/91-6411 and 91-6411/Zaoshu 3 was studied.Theresults showed that the resistance was of partial dominance or overdominance and that the cytoplasm had nosignificant effects on the scab resistance in barley. In the three crosses, Teai Damai/Zaoshu 3,Teai Damai/Zipi Damai,and Teai Damai/91-6411,the scab susceptibility of Teai Damai was mainiy governed by a pair ofrecessive allelic genes. In the cross of 9 1-6411/Zaoshu 3,the scab resistance was governed by multigenes,namely,was a quantitative trait. The analysls of genic effects indicated that the inheritance of scab resistancein 91-6411/Zaoshu 3 fitted for the digenic interactional model,and besldes additive and dominant effects,there exist also additive × additive interaction between different loci genes, The scab resistance had highlypositive correlation with plant height,but no correlation with heading date and spike number per plant.