摘要
36种亚热带季雨林中常见的中草药植物叶片的稳定性同位素比(σ^(13)C 值)为-26.4到-32.6‰,灌木型的σ^(13)C 值最低。表明全部种类都属光合作用C_3途径植物。叶片的7种元素 N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Na、Si 的含量依植物种类、生活型、药效和所用药用部位不同而异。在9个具不同药效的组合中,治疗贫血、高血压和健胃药有较多的 N,治疗蛇伤、癌症的药的叶片含较多 P 和 K,治疗风湿骨痛药含较多 Ca 和 Mg。其他微量元素组成中,治疗贫血的药的叶片含 Fe 多,治疗感冒及高血压药者含 Zn 多,健胃药含 Cu 多。结果认为叶片的矿质元素分布图式反映植株自身的吸收积累特性,且对相应的主要疗效可能有附加的效应。
Leaf carbon isotope ratios and 13 kinds of mineral elements were measured on 36 species of common Chinese medicinal plants in a subtropical monsoon forest of Ding Hu Shan in Gu- angdong Province.The δ^(13)C value were from—26.4 to—32.6%,indicating that all of the species belonged the photosynthetic C_3 types.The relative lower value of δ^(13)C was observed in the life form of shrubs. The contents of 7 elements(N,P,K,Ca,Na Mg,Si)were dependent upon the species, life form,medicinal function and medicinal part.Herb type medicine and the used medicinal part of leaves or whole plant showed higher levels of above elements than the others.Among the nine groups with different medicinal functions,it was found that more nitrogen was in the leaves of medicinal plants for hemophthisis,hypertension and stomachic troubles,more phos- phorus and potassium were in the leaves for cancer and snake bite medicines,but more calcium and magnesium were in the leaves for curing rheumatics. Ferric,aluminium and manganese were the main composition of microelements in leaves. There were higher content of ferric in leaves for hemophthisis medicine,higher zinc in leaves for cold and hypertension medicine,and higer cuprum in leaves of stomachic medicine.It was suggested that the pattern of mineral elements in leaves of Chinese medicinal plants reflec- ted the different properties of absorption and accumulation.Some additional effect due to the high content of certain element might be associated with the main function of that medicine.
基金
本研究为中国-美国合作研究项目 INT.8219379的内容之一
关键词
药用植物
矿质元素
碳同位素比
Leaves of Chinese medicinal plants
Mineral elements
Carbon isotope ragio
Life form
Medicinal function
