磷化氢、二氧化碳混合气体对腐食酪螨成螨的生物学效应

SOME BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF PHOSPHINE IN COMBINATION WITH CARBON DIOXIDE AGAINST THE ADULTS OF TYROPHAGUS PUTRESCENTIA (SCHRANK)(ASTIGMATA: ACARIDAE)

本文研究结果表明：腐食酪螨Ｔｙｒｏｐｈａｇｕｓｐｕｔｒｅｓｃｅｎｔｉａｅ（Ｓｃｈｒａｎｋ）成螨在０％、８％、１６％（容积比）ＣＯ２气体中耗氧量随ＣＯ２浓度的增加而增加，当在３２％、６４％ＣＯ２气体中，该成螨的耗氧量反倒低于其在正常大气中的耗氧量。在０％、８％、１６％、３２％、６４％ＣＯ２与０．０５ｍｇ／ＬＰＨ３混合气体中该成螨对ＰＨ３的吸收量分别为１．１１±０．９２、１．７９±０．５６、５．１４±１．１３、７．６０±１．８０、８．０８±０．８５μｇ／ｈｒ’ｇ，在同一ＣＯ２浓度条件下试螨对ＰＨ３的吸收量在高浓度ＰＨ３（０．４５ｍｇ／Ｌ）中明显大于在低浓度ＰＨ３（０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ）中，但ＰＨ３吸收量的增加倍数远远低于ＰＨ３浓度的增加倍数。ＰＨ３对该螨过氧化氢酶的抑制体内酶高于离体酶，细胞色素ｃ氧化酶受ＰＨ３抑制则相反。被ＰＨ３抑制的过氧化氢酶和细胞色素Ｃ氧化酶活性恢复时间分别为二周和一周。

This study shows that there is an increase in oxygen consumption of the adults of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) when the concentration of ambient carbon dioxide rises from 0% to 8%and to 16%, but further increase in the carbon dioxide concentration up to 32% and 64% causes the decrease of the oxygen consumption of the tested mites. In mixed fumigation with 0%, 8%, 16%, 32%,64% CO2 and 0.5mg/l PH3, the uptake of phosphine is 1.11 ± 0.92, 1.79 ± 0.56,5.14 ±1.13, 7.60 ± 1.80, 8.08 ± 0.85μg/hr·g respectively. The uptake of phosphine was found to increase with increase of phosphine concentration at the same concentration of carbon dioxide. However, the uptake did not increase markedly when the concentration of phosphine (0.05mg/l. 0.45mg/l) was multiplied. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments led to the conclusions that phosphine inhibits the activity of cytochrome C oxidase and catalase, but a lower inhibitory effect on cytochrome C oxidase can be detected in in vivo experiments and the inhibition can be kept 1 week after exposure to the fumigant. The catalase was inhibited markedly in tested mites poisoned with phosphine and the inhibition was kept 2 weeks after exposure to the fumigant. In addition, the mode of action of phosphine and the role of CO2 are discussed.