低温心脏手术时脑保护的研究现状与展望

Current Studies and Prospects of Brain Protection during Low-temperature Cardiac Operation

长时期以来，如何采取有效措施防止脑缺血损害的发生，以降低心脏手术尤其是主动脉弓部手术的死亡率与并发症发生率，是临床上一大难题。晚近兴起的逆行性脑灌注，已在动物实验与临床研究中表明该方法脑保护效果满意．

It has long been a vexing problem for surgeons how to take effective measures to protect brain from ischemic damage in order to reduce the operation mortality in cardiac operation，especially in surgical repair for aortic aneurysms. The traditional method of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest（DHCA）is only suitable for uncomplicated cases because of its limitation for circulatory arrest time （CTA）．Though selective cerebral perfusion（SCP）can prolong CAT，it is not suitable for complicated cases such as arotic arch aneurysms or ascending aortic aneurysms（AAAs）．The latest reported technique Retrograde Cerebral Perfusion（RCP），which provides satisfactory results according to animal experiments and clinical studies，has presented a prospective future for this vexing problem.The current studies of brain protection during low-temperature cardiac operation was reviewed in this paper.