城市林业的研究与发展

THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN FORESTRY

城市林业是建设和经营城市森林生态系统的行业，指建设、经营、利用城市范围内，以树木为主体的生物群落及其中的设施。它是由林业和园林融合而成的。城市林业生态系统是城市复合生态系统中的子系统，它广泛参与城市复合生态系统中物质、能量的高效利用，社会、自然的协调发展和系统的自我调节。城市林学是研究城市林业生态系统、城市森林的建设、经营和利用的城市科学。其任务是研究城市林业的规划设计、经营管理、合理利用及其效益，提供制定有关法规的依据；建造各林种、植物群落、景区、景点，选择和培育植物材料。

Urban forestry, developed from the fusion of forestry and landscape architecture, is an industry of setting up and managing urban forest ecosystem,which builds, manages and utilizes the biocenose-mainly the trees,and the facilities in cities. Urban forestry ecosystem is a subsystem under the urban compound ecosystem, which broadly participates in the use of substance and energy of the urban compound ecosystem, the coordinative development of society and nature, and the self-balanceing of the system.Urban foresty is a science of studying urban forestry ecosystem, construction, management and utilization of urban forest. The tasks of this science are those of making plannes, designs for urban forestry, studying utilization and effects of urban forestry, providing relative basis for legislation, constructing kinds of forest types, plant communities and landscapes, and selecting and producing plant materials.