松树Pt菌剂育苗菌根化研究

A Study on Mycorrhization of Pines with Vegetative Inoculum of Pisolithus tinctorius in Nursery

分别用Ｐｉｓｏｌｉｔｈｕｓｔｉｎｃｔｏｒｉｕｓ（Ｐｔ）菌根真菌重分离与母菌株培养物的比较及菌根子实体鉴定等方法，确证Ｐｔ菌剂人工接种的成功；并用照片描述形成Ｐｔ菌根的外部形态和解剖结构；发现典型外生菌根真菌──ｐｔ在苗圃人工接种条件下，可与松苗形成内外生菌根。结合生产大田应用试验，证明中国林业科学研究院林木菌根研究开发中心研制的Ｐｔ菌根剂具有明显的菌根化效果，和促进苗木生长、提高生物产量的作用。所试４种松树菌根化率均为１００％，Ｐｔ指数在８４以上，提高合格苗产量１４．６％以上，平均苗高、地径、干物重、侧根数和根系总长分别增加２８．１％～７１．４％、２２．８％～４９．２％、６６．７％～４５７．１％、１２８．０％～２００．０％和８２．４％～１０１．０％。

The success of the artificial inoculation of pines with the vegetative inoculumof Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt ) is confirmed by means of making a comparison of cultures be-tween reisolates from ectomycorrhizae formed and mother isolate inoculated ,and an identifi-cation of sporocarps connected with the ectomycorrhizae;the gross form and anatomy struc-ture of the ectomycorrhizae formed after inoculation are described by using the photos fromthe experiment. It is discovered that the typical ectomycorrhizae fungus , Pt can form ecten-domycorrhizae with pines under the condition of artificial inoculation in nursery.The application experiments conducted in nurseries give evidence that inoculum made bythe Center for Mycorrhizal Research and Development,CAF is effective in increasing ectomy-corrhizae,promoting the growth and improving the biomass of the seedlings,100%seedlingsof four pines receiving vegetative Ptinoculum have got Pt ectomycorrhizae with Pt index 88+,the yield of plantable seedlings increased by more than 14. 6%,and height,root-collar di-ameter, biomass, the number and the total length of the lateral root for the ten-month-oldseedlings increased,on the average,by 28.1%～71.4%, 22.8%～49.2%, 149.2%～457.1%,150.0%～200.0%and 82.4%～101.1%respectively.