农林复合生态系统中人体舒适度及劳动效率研究

Study on Effects of Improving Labour′s Comfortableness and Working Efficiency in Agroforestry Ecosystem

连续两个夏季，在位于中北亚热带地区的中国浙江省富阳市和临安县的桃茶间作园和纯茶园内布置采茶试验，并同步进行小气候测定。结果表明，间作园比纯茶园光强减弱１０～６０ｋｌｘ，气温降低０．３～２．１℃，空气湿度提高１％～５％，风速减小０．１～０．３ｍ·ｓ－１。间作园内采茶工的衣服温度降低０．５～１．５℃，并以着白色衣料者降低最多；劳动者的实感温度降低０．３～０．８℃，在１ｄ中感到“极度不舒适”的时间减少２．５ｈ；不舒适指数减少１～３，人体感到“很不舒适”的时间减少１ｈ。由于在间作园林下劳动感到舒适，因而劳动生产率提高２２．６％～２９．５％。

A tea-picking experiment has been laid out both in pure tea garden and peach-tea intercropping garden ,for two summer seasons running at Linan and Fuyang Counties ofZhejiang Province which are located at north-mid subtropical area of China where the micro-climate has been measured simultaneously.Results indicate that comparing with those in thepure tea plantation,in the peach-tea intercropping garden its light intensity,air temperatureand wind speed reduced by l0 000～60 000 lx,0.3～2.1℃,and 0.1～0.3m.s-1 respectivelybut its air humidity increased by l%～5%.Working in the intercropping garden,the tem-perature of workers′clothes reduced by 0.5～1.5℃ while the most reduction appeared fromthose dressing in white and the workers′ effective temperature and the most uncomfortabletime during a day,the discomfort index and the most discomfortable time reduced by 0.3～0.8℃ and 2.5 hours,1～3 and l hour respectively.Due to the worker′s comfortableness inthe intercropping garden,the worker′s productivity increases around 22.6%～29.5%.