广东省潮汕地区食管鳞状细胞癌中p53蛋白的表达

p￣(53) protein accumulation in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus from Chaoshan District, Guangdong Province

采用ＣＭ－１和ＤＯ－７一抗的免疫组化法，检测了广东省潮汕地区５５例食管鳞状细胞癌中ｐ５３蛋白的表达情况。ｐ５３蛋白阳性率分别是５０．９％（ＣＭ－１）和６９．１％（ＤＯ－７），说明在该肿瘤中ｐ５３蛋白表达是一种常见的现象。ｐ５３蛋白阳性细胞不但可在呈浸润生长的肿瘤细胞中见到，而且在已具有浸润癌巢ｐ５３蛋白表达的肿瘤癌旁浸润前病变如上皮高度增生、异型增生和原位癌中也可出现。如果ｐ５３蛋白表达在食管鳞状细胞癌中能够在很大程度上反映ｐ５３基因改变，则ｐ５３基因的突变在浸润前病变中即已发生。由于ｐ５３蛋白表达与增殖细胞核抗原（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｅｌｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒａｎｔｉｇｅｎ，ＰＣＮＡ）的表达密切相关，因此认为大多数突变型的ｐ５３蛋白阳性肿瘤细胞是处于细胞增殖周期内，可能是食管癌恶性程度的指标之一。

The p53 protein accumulation in 55 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the esophagus from a high-incidence area of Southern China, Chaoshan District, Guangdong Province was detected immunohistochemically by using CM-1 and DO-7 primary antibodies. The positive rates were 50.9% (CM-1) and 69.1% (DO-7), respectively. The results illustrated that p53 protein accumulation was frequently found in esophageal SCCs. The p53 positive cell could not only be found in infiltrating tumour cells but also in foci of preinvasive lesions, including severe hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of SCCs in which p53 mutation would be developed before the invasiveness of neoplastic cells, assuming that the p53 protein accumulation can in a greatest degree reflect p53 gene alteration in esophageal cancer. Basing upon the close correlation between p53 protein accumulation and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, the authors suggest that the mutated form of p53 was involved in the cell proliferation cycle of malignant cells, and might be as an indicator of malignancy.