胃癌基因表达的免疫组化研究

Immunocytochemical studies on several oncogenes and tumor suppressor gene over-expression in human gastric carcinoma

应用免疫组化方法对４２例胃癌和相应癌旁组织以及１１例良性胃病组织的ｐ５３、ｃ—ｍｙｃ和ｒａｓ基因编码产物进行了检测。结果发现：３种基因在胃癌中的阳性率分别是３３．３％（１４／４２）、２３．８％（１０／４２）和４２．９％（１８／４２）；在相应癌旁组织的阳性率依次分别是１６．７％（７／４２）、１１．９％（５／４２）和１６．７％（７／４２）；ｐ５３和ｃ—ｍｙｃ在良性胃病组织中无表达，ｒａｓ基因在良性胃病组织中阳性率２．４％（１／４２）。对照临床病理参数发现，３种基因表达在４例远处脏器转移病例中全部阳性；ｐ５３、ｃ—ｍｙｃ高表达在细胞分化中有显著差异（Ｐ均＜０．０５）；３种基因表达在肿瘤浸润深度（Ｔ）、淋巴结转移程度（Ｎ）、组织学类型之间均无显著差异（Ｐ均＞０．０５）。实验结果提示，胃癌组织中有多种癌基因激活和抗癌基因的失活，这些基因的损伤相互促进，共同加速细胞转化，导致分化、生长失控，肿瘤过快进入相对晚期。

Ninety-five fresh specimen, including 42 human gastric carcinoma and its adjacent tissues and 11 normal tissues of the stomach were analyzed to detecte the over expression of p53、c -myc and ras by standard immunohistochemical techniques. The rate of p53、c-myc and ras over expression was 33.3%, 23.8% and 42.9% in gastric cancers, and 16.7%, 11.9% and 16.7% in adjacent tissues respectively. No over expression of p53 and c-myc were found in normal tissues of stomach, and ras expression rate was 2.4%, All these genes over-expression were positive in 4 cases distant spread tumor tissues. Highly significantly differences were found in cell differentiation with p53 and c-myc. All the data showed that multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressor gene abnormalities, which make tumor cell transfered rapidly, growing and differentiation uncontroled, lead to th relatively late stages.