陆地棉F_2纤维品质性状杂种优势的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis for Heterosis of Fiber Traits in Upland Cotton

本研究根据加性─显性与环境互作的遗传模型，分析了陆地棉１０个杂交亲本和２０个Ｆ１五个纤维品质性状的两年试验资料，估算各项遗传方差分量和成对性状间各项遗传效应的相关，预测了不同年份Ｆ２杂种优势的遗传表现。各纤维品质性状主要受加性效应的影响。其中纤维长度、纤维强度和麦克隆值３个性状还受到基因型×环境互作效应的影响。基因型×环境互作效应对纤维整齐度和纤维伸长率两个性状影响均不显著。遗传相关分析表明，杂交后代皮棉产量与纤维长度、纤维整齐度、纤维伸长率和纤维细度间可进行同步改良，皮棉产量与纤维强度同步改良较为困难。杂种早代皮棉产量高的组合其纤维强度也较好。Ｆ２纤维品质性状杂种优势的均值一般较小。此外还分析了组合纤维长度、纤维强度和麦克隆值杂种优势在不同环境中的表现。

Five fiber traits of parents and their F1s in upland cotton in two years were ana-lyzed by the genetic model of additive dominance and its interactions with environments byMINQUE(1)approaches.Genetic variance components and correlations were estimated,and heterosis were predicted.The result indicated that all fiber traits were mainly con-trolled by the additive effects,gene effects interactions by years was significant for fiberlength,fiber strength and micronaire,but not for the fiber unifomity and fiber elongation.Lint yield can be selected with all traits except fiber strength.It might be difficult to se-lected lines with high yield and strong fiber,but the hybrids with high heterosis of yieldand strength could be selected.The F2heterosis was very small for all fiber traits,and theF2heterosis in different year for these traits were analyzed,too.