金属塑料复合材料在甘油或三乙醇胺润滑下的摩擦磨损性能研究

The Friction and Wear Properties of Metal Plastic Composite under Lubrication of Glycerol or Triethanolamine

合理利用选择性转移效应，能够有效地延长摩擦零部件的使用寿命。但是，现用的大都是铜－钢或铜合金－钢选择性摩擦副，这在润滑不良情况下容易发生擦伤甚至咬死而造成机械零部件报废。因此，研制了一种钢背／青铜粉／（ＰＴＦＥ＋（Ｃｕ２Ｏ）三层复合材料，并且利用ＭＰＶ－１５００摩擦试验机对其分别在甘油润滑和三乙醇胺润滑下的摩擦学性能等进行了试验研究，结果表明，复合材料在甘油或三乙醇胺润滑下的摩擦系数比干摩擦时的低２个数量级，磨损量低１—２个数量级，极限ＰＶ值（约为１２０ＭＰａ·ｍ／ｓ）比干摩擦时的高２０倍以上；复合材料分别在甘油和三乙醇胺润滑时的摩擦性能均比２０＃机械油润滑时的好；甘油的减磨效果比三乙醇胺的好。电子探针观察发现，在甘油润滑下偶件４５＃钢磨损表面明显有呈现铜光泽的转移膜形成，而在三乙醇胺润滑下则基本没有。因此，在甘油润滑下，复合材料与钢配合可以作为具有良好摩擦磨损性能和较高极限ＰＶ值的滑动摩擦副在工程实际中应用。

In engineering applications,the service life of rubbing parts can be effectivelyprolonged by utilizing preferential transfer effect properly. However,up to now,the preferentialtransfer rubbing pairs used in practice are almost the friction pairs of copper-steel or copper alloy-steel,when the frictional surfaces are not properly lubricated,these kinds of friction pairs may beseized up,then the mechanieal parts can be damaged.Therefore,a kind of steel backing/bronzepowder/(PTFE+Cu2O)three-laye r composite was prepared,and the friction and wear properties aswell as the PV limit value of this kind of composite sliding against 45 # steel under lubrication ofglycerol or triethanolamine were studied by using a MPV-1500 friction tester.Experimental resultsshow that with lubrication of glycerol or triethanolamine the friction coefficient of this compositecan be decreased by 2 orders of magnitude comparing with that in dry friction condition,the wearcan be decreased by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude,and the PV limit value is about 120 MPa·m/s,itis more than 20 times of that in dry friction condition;the friction property of this composite underlubrication of glycerol or triethanolamine are better than that of composite under lubrication of20 # mechanical oil;the anti-wear property of this composite in glycerol is better than that ofcomposite in triethanolamine,this is because the preferential transfer effect of glycerol is better thanthat of triethanolamine. EPMA investigations show that there are transfer films of copper on45# steel counterface under glycerol lubrication,but no transfer films on 45 # steel counterfaceunder triethanolamine lubrication. Therefore,under glycerol lubrication,the rubbing couple of thismetal plastic composite-45# steel can be used in practical engineering.