地气耦合系统中下垫面气候效应的数值模拟

NUMERICAL MODELING OF CLIMATIC EFFECTS OF UNDERLYING SURFACE CHANEG IN THE EARTH -AIR COUPLED SYSTEM

区域气候环境的变化，不仅受大尺度气候环境的影响，而且在一定程度上还取决于该区域下垫面状况的改变。本文利用一维十六层地气耦合模式研究了陆地下垫面特征变化对近地层气候的影响，分析了大气边界层垂直温度特征、地面温度变化特征以及地面能量平衡和转换特征、试验结果表明下垫面特征是影响区域气候的一个重要因子，其变化对边界层垂直温度结构、地面温度日变化以及地面能量平衡和转换机制具有重要的影响，进而改变一个地区的区域气候状况。

The change of regional climate environment depends not only on the large-scale climate background,but also on the interior boors to a great extent in this region.These interior factors often refer to the changes of underlying land surface conditons,the human activitier,release of heat,air polution and so on.In this paper, a one dimensional earth-air coupled model is developed.The climatic effects of underlying land surface condition changes on boundary layer climate are studied by utilizing this model.The feature of boundary layer vertical temperature structure, underlying surface temperature variation and energy balance and transition are also analyzed .The results show that the difference of temperature strcture is very clear in different underlying surfaces.The inversion layer height is higher in urban area than in rural area at night and the strength of inversion is stronger in urban area,and the lapserate of temperature in boundary layer is larger in urban area in daytime and the height of instability layer is ho high .The effect of afforesting the city on boundary layer is significant .The larger the degree of afforesting ,the smaller the amplitude of temperature change. Thus afforesting the city has the effect of alleviating diural change of temperature.The feature of energy change in urban aera and rural area is also different.The diunla vartaion of sensible heatis larger in urban area than rural area,and the change of latent hial is converse.The sensible heat is the main component of surface energy balance in urban area,and the latent heat is small.Therefore,the changes of underlying surface characteristic are a important factor in regulating regional climate.