南极洲泥盆系概况及其与中国泥盆系之比较

AN OUTLINE OF ANTARCTIC DEVONIAN AND ITS COMPARISION WITH THE CHINESE DEVONIAN

南极洲的泥盆系主要分布于横贯南极山脉的麦克默多和俄亥俄岭－埃尔斯沃思山等两个沉积盆地中。前一个盆地的泥盆系代表从海岸泻湖－河流三角洲到近岸冲积平原的层序；后一个盆地的彭萨科拉山的泥盆系较厚，从非海相冲积扇－冲积平原－浅海相，最后又恢复到非海相沉积环境，但在俄亥俄岭却沉积了厚度不大的浅海相地层，含Ｍａｌｖｉｎｏｋａｆｒｉｃ生物地理大区的海相双壳类、腹足类、三叶虫、竹节石和鱼类等化石。除了上述两个沉积盆地外，在罗斯海两边却出露了火山岩，说明该地当时处于俯冲带附近的火山弧中。中国华南的曲靖型和西北的祁连山型泥盆系也属于滨海相和非海相沉积，它们与南极洲的泥盆系可资比较。

In Antarctica Devonian rocks outcropped in the Transantarctic Mountains and accumulated mainly in two basins:McMurdo basin and Ohio Range to Ellisworth Mts..Early Devonian littora l arenaceous sediments and Late Devonian alluvial plain depositions distributed in South Victoria Land.A thin sequence of nearshore marine beds with a shelly Malvinokaffic Emsian fauna occured in the Ohio Range.The Ellsworth basin lay between the epicontinental basin and the marginal magmatic arc during the Devonian.The Antarctic Devonian could be compared with the Qujing type squences in South China as well as the Qilianshan type depositions in NW China,but they provided with some different biegeographic faunas.