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中国古代正史31次日全(环)食记录的研究 被引量:3

RESEARCH ON 31 TOTAL (ANNULAR) SOLAR ECLIPSE RECORDS IN CHINESE ANCIENT ANNALS
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摘要 古代日全(环)食记录一般表示为“日有食之,既”。本文收集整理了中国古代正史31次日全(环)食记录,用现代4种不同计算日食的方法,给出了当时国都等地的见食情况—食甚时刻和食分;同时对这些全(环)食资料的可靠性进行了分析和评判,并试图给出一个较为合理的解释。得出扣除明显的4次误记外,9分以上的大食约占85%。只有这些经过筛选的日食史料,方可进一步用于地球自转长期变化等课题的研究。 Now the contemporary research area of making full use of the ancient records of astronomical phenomena is very active. But it's prerequisite is how to discover those real records at that time from the ancient materials. Besides such as misprint in these records, the subjective mistakes in existence due to the far-fetched conclusions, astrology and so on, include the lost records, a slip of the pen and those of unreal words, especially in China. Only after the elimination of their influence can the correct results be obtained. Generally the ancient Chinese totoal (annular) solar eclipse records were written as those of 'Ri You Shi Zhi, Ji'. Owing in above--mentioned problems under consideration, this paper collects and sorts out 31 total (annular) solar eclipse records in Chinese ancient history books written in biographical style. But there are no detailed records about the time, magnitude and place. For this reason where the capital was at-that time is as the place the eclipses could be seen, unless there are definite places in the records. By the law of eclipse, this paper first seeks the elements of eclipse from the Canons of solar eclipse and gives the principal circumstances (maximum magnitude and the time of middle of eclipse) in some places e. g. the capitals of that time according to four contemporary computing methods of solar eclipse, at the same time analyses the reliability of the eclipse records, and tries to give a reasonable explanation. At last this paper sums up that the magnitude of about 85% total (annular) solar eclipse records in Chinese ament annals is more than 0. 9 except 4 times misprint obviously. Only these selected records can be applied to the studies of the long time variations of the rotation of the earth.
机构地区 南京大学天文系
出处 《南京大学学报(自然科学版)》 CSCD 1995年第2期227-236,共10页 Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Science)
关键词 日食记录 日食计算 科学史 Chinese ancient solar eclipse records, calculating of solar eclipse, circumstance of eclipse
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参考文献6

  • 1李致森,中国科学.A,1985年,2卷,163页
  • 2韩延本,天体物理学报,1984年,2卷,107页
  • 3吴守贤,陕西天文台台刊,1980年,2卷,23页
  • 4李致森,北京天文台台刊,1979年,3卷,41页
  • 5张培瑜,天文学报,1993年,1卷,63页
  • 6刘次沅,天体物理学报,1985年,4卷,284页

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