黄河下游引黄灌区冬小麦节水灌溉与增产效益分析

Water-Saving Irrigation and Yield Increase Benefit Analysis of Winter Wheat in the Irrigation Areas of Lower Reach of the Yellow River

应用麦田水分动态平衡模型和干旱预报模型计算小麦的适宜灌溉期和灌溉水量。依据实测资料，对小麦的节水灌溉与增产效益进行了分析。结果表明，应用这种节水灌溉技术，可充分利用土壤储水和自然降水，减少灌水次数，降低麦田水分的无效消耗，提高土壤水利用率，达到节水增产的目的。同其它方法相比，此方法的优点除投资省外，主要是能对旱情进行早期预报，从而能在大面积的农田上进行适时适量的灌水，这对促进农业节水增产具有十分重要的意义。

The suitable irrigation stage and water application of winter wheat have been calculated by using the wheat field moisture dynamic balance model and the drought prediction model. The water-saving irrigation and yield increase benefit have been analysed based on the measured data. The results proved that the water-saving irrigation technology can sufficiently use soil water storage and natural rainfall, decrease irrigation frequency, reduce ineffective water consumption of wheat field, enhance utilization rate of soil moisture and reach the goal of water-saving and yield increase. By comparison with other methods, the technolgy has the advantages of less investment, immediately and precisely discovering and predicting drought situation, irrigation in a suitable time and right quantity, easy expanding in a large area and big scale benefit. Therefore, the technology has a very important value for promoting agricultural water-saving and yield increase.