“水垫”形成原理在船拖上的应用和试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON APPLYING THE THEORY OF FORMING WATER PAD TO THE BOAT-TYPE TRACTOR

用正交试验直观分析法，对工农１２船拖底部“水垫”形成的影响因素进行了试验研究，得出了影响因素的顺序及最优水平组合。试验还表明，加装水垫形成装置后，可以在船拖底部形成水垫，使其滑行阻力下降７９．４４％～８２．０６％。测试验证表明，在船拖前横挡板下后部有负压区产生，其平均比压值为－０．００３３５Ｎ／ｃｍ￣２。３．３３３公顷对比生产查定测试表明，加装水垫装置后，可提高船拖工效２４％，公顷油耗率下降３９％，船体尾部的磨损值减少６６．６％，有很大的经济效益与社会效益。

An experimental study was made on the influential factors of forming “water pad”underthe bottom of a boat-type tractor Gongnong-12by the method of orthogonal tests.We ob-tained the proper order of influential factors and the optimized-level combination. The testsstill showed that the water pad under the bottom of the boat-type tractor was installed andthe sliding resistance was reduced by 79.44%～82.06%。The tests and verification showedthat an area of minus pressure at the low backpart of the head acrossboard of the boat-typetractor was produced and its average specific pressure was-0.00335 N/cm￣2.The compara-tive test of 3.333 hectares showed that the efficiency of the boat-type tractor increased by24%after the device of forming water pad was installed.The oil consumption reduced by39%and the wearing value of the tail of the boat body by 66.6%。Thus remarkable economicand social efficiency has been obtained.