纤维的形变和断裂 Ⅱ 棉纤维拉伸形变和断裂的形态学和机理

DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE OF FIBERS Ⅱ.Morphological Studies of Deformation and Fracture of Cotton Fibers in Tension

本文报道将单纤维置于扫描电子显微镜样品室中以一特制装置拉伸,研究棉纤维形变和断裂形态学。摄取了形变和断裂过程的连续显微照片。了解到拉伸纤维裂缝的发生、生长和传播过程,和两种主要类型裂缝的形态学结构,这两种裂缝分别是由于纤维原纤间的分离和原纤或/和原纤束的断裂而引起的。文章从高聚物断裂物理探索了棉纤维拉伸形变和断裂机理。

The single cotton fiber was tensioned with a special facility in the specimen chamber of ascanning electron microscope and the morphology Of the deformation and fracture of cottonfibers was examined.The succesive micrographs of specimens on the process of deformationand fracture were taken.They revealed the process of the initiation,growth and propagationof cracks occuring in specimens in tension and the morphology structure of two types of thecracks caused by the split of interfibrils and the breakage of fibrils and/or fibril bundlesrespectively.The morphology and the mechanism of the deformation and fracture of cottonfibers in tension was discussed from the fracture physics of polymer.