红树蚬的生态观察

STUDIES ON THE ECOLOGY OF POLYMESODA EROSA (SOLANDER)

１９９１年４月─１９９３年８月，对广东、广西、海南的红树蚬Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｓｏｄａｅｒｏｓａ（Ｓｏｌａｎｄｅｒ）的生态环境、生活习性与分布等进行了观察。红树蚬分布于热带－亚热带海区，生活在咸淡水交汇的河口和潮间带，生长最适的水温２０—２８℃，盐度５—２０，海水ｐＨ７．２─８．２，底质为软泥、泥砂或砂泥，栖息深度约１０ｃｍ，以底栖硅藻和有机碎屑为食，繁殖期为５—９月。其肉供食用、药用，可发展人工养殖。

Polymesoda erosa (Solander)is a tropical or sub-tropical species distributed widely along the coasts of China from east to south. It is found in mud or sandy-mud stratum in estuaries and along high-tidal zones at a depth of 10cm. The optimum temperature for its growth is from 20 to 28℃, salinity 5 to 20, pH 7. 2 to 8. 2. The animal feeds mainly on diatoms and organic debris.It grows fast before the age of 3. The maximum size collected until now had a shell of 9. 1cm length, 7. 8cm height and 5.1cm width. The animal belongs to gonochorism. Its breeding season occurs from May to September. It is an economically valuable species, its meat can be served as delicate food and it can also be used for medicinal purposes. Artificial cultivation of the species is encouraged.