海洋对热带气旋响应的一种改进模式

AN IMPROVED MODEL OF OCEAN RESPONSE TO TROPICAL CYCLONE

建立一个改进的二层非线性原始方程海洋模式，研究海洋对热带气旋的响应。采用湍流动能收支参数化风应力产生的垂直混合（夹卷），其中考虑了盐度对层结强度的影响。通过海洋对７００２号台风响应的数值模拟，结果表明，在引起海表温度下降的各热通量分量中，夹卷约占了８３％，余下的海表面热通量占了１７％。在台风路径转向的右侧，海洋出现强烈的降温，表现出明显的右偏性。降温的幅度、范围和形状均与观测结果较为一致。

n improved two-layer nonlinear primitive equation ocean model is developed to study ocean response to tropical cyclone (TC). A turbulent kinetic energy budget is used to parameterize the wind stress-induced vertical mixing (entrainment),in which the effect of salt on stratification intensity is considered.Through the numerical modeling of ocean response to Typhoon 7002, the results indicate that among the components of heat flux inducing the drop of sea surface temperature(SST),the entrainment accounts for about 83%,which is slightly smaller than other relevant numerical results because the effect of salt on entrainment is considered here. The remaining sea surface heat flux amounts to 17%.When Typhoon 7002 changes direction to clockwise,SST dropped strongly on the right side of its track, showing rightward bias obviously.This is because the value of wind speed on the right side of TC track is larger than the one on the left side due to TC movement, the more important, the period forced by gale entrainment is longer than that when the TC moves straight. The scope, extent and shape of simulated SST drop are fairly consistent with the observation data.