台风移动规律的研究　Ⅰ.非绝热加热与水平温度分布的影响

A STUDY ON TYPHOON MOVEMENTⅠ.THE EFFECT OF DIABATIC HEATING AND HORIZONTAL TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION

根据大气运动原始方程组导出一个支配台风中心移动的基本方程。方程中包括了非绝热加热、温度场分布、地形与摩擦等各种可能影响台风移动的强迫因子。对非绝热加热与水平温度分布的作用所作分析表明，非轴对称的非绝热引导作用可使台风加速、减速或转向运动；温度场上的冷区对台风有吸引作用。

A basic equation governing the movement of a typhoon has been derived based on the system of primitive equations of motion in the atmosphere.The role of several forcing factors which cause the deviation of the typhoon from the steering current have been discussed based on the governing equation.What is presented in Part I is a theoretical analysis on the effects of diabatic heating and the horizontal temperature distribution. It is shown that the accelerations of a typhoon caused by diabatic heating and temperature advection coincide with the direction of the volume averaged 'diabatic steering velocity' Q V and the 'temperature advection steering velocity'Ar V(Vis the air velocity,Q is the diabatic heating rate and Ar is the temperature advection),respectively.The precipitation(or condenation heating)on the right(left) side of a typhoon will accelerate(decelerate)the typhoon.The precipitation in the front(in the rear) of the typhoon will turn it to the left(right)of its original path. A typhoon will speed up(slow down)when it moves towards a region of cold(warm)air.