刺激割胶制度对橡胶树死皮病发生的生理效应

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF STIMULATION AND EXPLOITATION INTENSITIES AND TAPPING PATTERNS ON TKEE DRYNESS

当刺激或割胶所造成的生理伤害超过橡胶树能忍受的限度，便引起产胶与排胶生理平衡失调，表现在：干胶含量、总固形物含量、硫醇含量、排胶初速和堵塞指数明显下降，而长流胶比例和反映创伤生活方式的过氧化物酶同工酶活性明显增加。生理平衡持续失调会导致乳管细胞自毁，丧失产胶功能，导致死皮病的发生。结果表明，产胶与排胶的动态平衡是可以通过刺激强度、割胶强度或割胶模式加以调控的，因而死皮病的发生亦是可控的。

Occurrence Of tree dryness of Hevea brasuliensis was closelyrelated to stimulation andexploitation intensities and even tapping patterns.When exceeding the endurance of the rub-ber tree. the physiological damages caused by stimulation or tapping would give rise to physi-ological imbalance between latex production and latex flow in that dry rubber content.totalsolids. thiols. initial velocity of latex flow and plugging index were remarkably reduced whilelate drip ratio and the isozymatic activities of peroxidase reflecting degrees of trauma wereenhanced significantly. Continuous physiological imbalance resulting from over intense flowof latex wotuld invoke selfdestruction of latex vessel cells. leading to functional failure of latexregeneration and subsequently formation of tree dryness.The commercial scale experiments proved that the dynamic balance between latex regen-eration and latex flow could be regulated by stimulation intensity. exploitation intensity ortapping pattems and hence occurrence of tree dryness is also controllable.This paper putsforward a series of practices for controling tree dryness initiation.