应用激光轨迹仪量测水工模型表面流场

Application of a laser navigation tracker to measuring surface flow field in a hydraulic model

原用于观测船模航速线的激光轨迹仪，经研究开发应用于水。模型表面流场及地形量测，已获得成功。该仪器在微机控制下，每次可同时观测３个浮标的运动轨迹，及时计算并绘出流线图与沿线纵横流速。经在三峡、高坝洲、凌津滩等枢纽模型上试用，证明该系统测试范围广，精度较高，能迅速获得观测成果，较少受时间、场地的限制。文中介绍了该系统的设计思想，“位移比较判别法”的原理，浮标制作方法以及测试步骤，并探讨了进一步改进的方向。

It has been successful that a laser navigation trace apparatus was used to measure surface flow fields and contour lines in hydraulic models. Under the control of a micro computer, the apparatus can simultaneously measure movement path of three floating marks each time, draw flow lines, and compute velocities in longitudinal and transverse directions.Experimental results obtained from the comprehensive hydraulic models for Three Gorges Project, Gaobazhou Project and Lingjintan Project show that the measuring system has a wide survey scope and satisfactory accuracy, and that it can soon give observed results without limitation of time and place. This paper presents the idea of designing this measuring system, the principle of comparatively distinguishing displacement, ways of making floating marks, and test procedure. Some problems on further improving the measuring system are also discussed.