高粱高产杂交种穗结构的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis on Panicle Characters of High Yield Sorghum Hybrid

采用完全双列杂交法对高粱４９个基因型的８个穗部性状进行了遗传相关分析。结果表明：千粒重的遗传力较高，而穗粒数的遗传力则相对较低。可以通过对二三级枝梗数的选择来间接选择穗粒数。虽然大穗、大粒型杂交种都有高产的例证，但理想的高产杂交种却是大穗和大粒的兼顾与协调。因而合理的高产穗结构应是在相对较高的千粒重前提下，相应增加二，三级枝梗数。

Hereditary correlation analysis was made on 8 panicle characters in 49 sorghum genotypes in a complete diallel cross. The results indicated that the hereditary of 1000 kernel weight was high and that of panicle kernel number was relatively low. The selection for high kernel number can be realized by indirect selection for high secondary and tertiary branch numbers. Although high yield can be achieved by breeding for either 'big grain' or 'big panicle' hybrids, a desirable hybrid is the one with the compromise between the kernel weight and kernel number.Therefore, the appropriate panicle structure should be the relatively high kernel weight as well as increased numbers of secondary and tertiary branches.